This information is provided by Lap of Love Veterinary Hospice
What is it?
Lymphoma is a common type of cancer in dogs. It results from the unregulated growth of malignant lymphocytes that often affects lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver, and spleen, but can also be seen in the eyes, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. There are several classification systems for lymphoma based on whether or not it is high or low grade (relates to the aggressiveness), where it is located in the body, and what type of cells are involved (T-lymphocytes vs. B-lymphocytes). Dogs can present with enlarged lymph nodes and no clinical signs of illness. Some dogs may be depressed, lethargic, vomiting, losing weight, losing fur/hair, febrile, and/or have decreased appetite. Lymphoma is diagnosed with diagnostic lab work and an aspirate of the lymph nodes. Some dogs with lymphoma will have an increased blood calcium.
How is it treated?
Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for most pets with lymphoma. There are a wide range of chemotherapeutic drugs that can be used in combination to treat this disease. Giving prednisone, a steroid, alone can improve the quality, and sometimes quantity, of life. While there is no cure for lymphoma, chemotherapy often results in remission (no outward signs of cancer). The first remission can last 6 to 8 months or more depending on the chemotherapy protocol used. A second remission is generally a little more difficult to achieve and lasts a shorter time.
What is the prognosis for lymphoma?
Again, there is no cure for lymphoma, but with a good therapeutic protocol, average survival time can be 9 to 12 months or longer. Prognosis is better if an animal presents with only enlarged lymph nodes and with B-cell lymphoma rather than T-cell lymphoma. A dog appropriately treated for lymphoma can live a relatively comfortable, productive life for many months. The following symptoms of disease may occur quickly in your dog with or without treatment. A personalized treatment plan is important to slow the progression of lymphoma. Talk to your veterinarian regarding the best treatment protocol for your dog.
